Infarto agudo al miocardio secundario a disección coronaria espontánea biarterial: reporte de un caso y revisión de literatura / Acute myocardial infarction due to spontaneous two vessel coronary artery dissection

Resumen: La disección coronaria espontánea ha surgido como una causa interesante y poco reconocida de síndrome coronario agudo no aterosclerótico. Ocurre más frecuentemente en mujeres jóvenes, donde de forma importante puede asociarse a anomalías arteriales no coronarias. La clave para un tratamiento oportuno es el diagnóstico precoz que impida su evolución a cuadros más severos. Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 36 años con un síndrome coronario agudo secundario a una disección coronaria espontánea bi-arterial que evolucionó de forma grave a una insuficiencia cardíaca aguda. El objetivo es informar un cuadro poco usual y proporcionar evidencia que respalde el cómo debe enfrentarse.

Abstract: Spontaneous coronary dissection is an important cause of acute non-atherosclerotic coronary syndrome. It occurs more frequently in young women, often without significantly associated coronary arterial anomalies. Early diagnosis is a key to prompt treatment, in order to prevent severe complications. We report the case of a 36-year-old woman with an acute coronary syndrome secondary to spontaneous bi-arterial coronary dissection progressing to severe acute heart failure. A discussion of the management of this condition is included.

Challenges in diagnosis and management of spontaneous coronary artery dissection in a young patient

Abstract Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is characterized by tear of the inner layer in the coronary artery, creating a false lumen between the inner and central layer. Its infrequent incidence often leads to delay in diagnosis posing challenges in management. There are currently no guidelines for the treatment of this condition. We describe an adult patient who presented with multiple episodes of ventricular fibrillation, in whom cardiac catheterization showed SCAD, treated by off-pump coronary artery bypass.

Prospective randomized trial comparing radiofrequency ablation and complete saphenous vein stripping in patients with mild to moderate chronic venous disease with a 3-year follow-up / Ensaio clínico randomizado prospectivo comparando a ablação por radiofrequência e a retirada completa de veia safena em pacientes com doença venosa crônica leve à moderada com seguimento de 3 anos

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the use of the radiofrequency thermoablation of the saphenous vein with the ligation technique, and complete removal of the saphenous vein, from the saphenofemoral junction to the ankle. Methods: A total of 49 patients with chronic venous disease in the Comprehensive Classification System for Chronic Venous Disorders (CEAP) classes 2 to 4 for clinical signs, etiology, anatomic distribution and pathophysiology, were assessed at baseline, after 4 weeks, and after 1 year. The parameters assessed were complications, period of absence from activities, Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS) and quality of life scores according to Aberdeen Varicose Veins Questionnaire (AVVQ). They were re-examined 1 and 3 years after treatment to evaluate recurrence rates. Results: The success rate per limb (p=0.540), VCSS (p=0.636), AVVQ (p=0.163), and clinical complications were similar in the two treatment groups. Nevertheless, the radiofrequency thermoablation group had significant shorter length of hospital stay (0.69±0.47) and absence from activities (8.62±4.53), p<000.1. Conclusion: Patients submitted to radiofrequency thermoablation had an occlusion rate, clinical recurrence and improvement in quality of life comparable to removal of the saphenous vein. However, these patients spent less time hospitalized and away from their daily activities during recovering.

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar o uso da termoablação por radiofrequência da veia safena com a técnica de ligação e retirada completa da veia safena da junção safeno-femoral ao tornozelo. Métodos: Foram avaliados 49 pacientes com doença venosa crônica nas categorias 2 a 4 (Comprehensive Classification System for Chronic Venous Disorders − CEAP) para classificação clínica, etiológica, anatômica e fisiopatológica, no início do estudo, 4 semanas e 1 ano após o procedimento. Os parâmetros analisados foram complicações, período de ausência de atividades,(Venous Clinical Severity) Score revisado (R-VCSS) e escore de qualidade de vida de acordo com o Aberdeen Varicose Veins Questionnaire(AVVQ). Os pacientes foram reexaminados 1 e 3 anos após o tratamento, para avaliar as taxas de recorrência. Resultados: As taxas de sucesso por membro (p=0,540), VCSS (p=0,636), AVVQ (p=0,163) e complicações clínicas foram semelhantes nos dois grupos. No entanto, o grupo termoablação por radiofrequência teve períodos de internação significativamente mais curtos (0,69±0,47) e ausência de atividades (8,62±4,53), com p<000,1. Conclusão: Pacientes submetidos à termoablação por radiofrequência apresentaram taxa de oclusão, recidiva clínica e melhora da qualidade de vida comparáveis à retirada completa da veia safena. No entanto, esses pacientes passaram menos tempo internados e ausentes de suas atividades diárias durante a recuperação.

Spontaneous left anterior descending coronary artery dissection requiring coronary artery bypass surgery

Abstract Introduction: Spontaneous coronary artery dissection is a sudden separation between the layers of a coronary artery wall, non-iatrogenic or trauma related, that has been recognized as an important cause of myocardial infarction. Objective: To report an emblematic case, in terms of angiographic images, clinical presentation and predisposing factors, whose clinical management failure led to surgical intervention. Methods: A previously healthy 48-year-old male farmer was admitted to the emergency room complaining of anterior chest pain described as "tearing", which started after physical exertion. Anterior wall ST-segment depression was observed in the electrocardiogram and troponin levels were increased. The patient then underwent coronary catheterization. Angiography showed a tortuous left anterior descending coronary artery with a dissection line involving proximal and middle segments, resulting in mild to moderate luminal stenosis. At first, a conservative approach was chosen. Control cardiac catheterization, 3 months later, showed dissection progression to the distal segment. Results: The patient was referred to surgical treatment. Internal thoracic artery and a great saphenous vein graft were used to revascularize the target vessels. He had an uneventful postoperative course. Conclusion: In this report, we describe a typical clinical manifestation of an uncommon cause of acute myocardial infarction. The dissection was started by an extreme physical effort, which is a known triggering factor. Management of these cases is always challenging because there are no evidence-based therapies or guideline-based recomendations.

Graft Calcification Caused by a Torsion of the Hepatic Vein after a Living-Related Donor Liver Transplantation

Abstract: The torsion of vessels after liver transplantation rarely occurs. Likewise, calcification of a liver graft has seldom been reported. This report details a case which had torsion of the left hepatic vein on the seventh day after living-related donor liver transplantation. The torsion was reduced soon after re-exploration; however, congestion with partial necrosis of the graft occurred. On the follow-up imaging studies, some resolution of necrosis and graft regeneration were found, yet geographic calcification of the liver graft appeared. The patient died of pneumonia after 13 weeks, post-operation. The avoidance such torsion of vessels is necessary and important.(AU)

Disección coronaria espontánea: comunicación de 2 casos tratados quirúrgicamente / Spontaneous coronary artery dissection: report of two cases

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection is a rare condition that usually causes a coronary syndrome, but may also cause sudden death. It is more common in women and is associated with factors such as the peripartum period and oral contraceptive use. We report two cases. A 45-year-old woman with hepatitis C, presenting in the emergency room with angina. An intravascular ultrasound showed a dissecting hematoma involving the left, anterior descending and circumflex coronary arteries. She was initially managed with nitroglycerin, anticoagulation and anti-platelet drugs but due to persistence of symptoms, she required surgical revascularization. A 32-year-old woman presenting in the emergency room with angina. A coronary angiogram revealed a dissection of the anterior descending coronary artery. Eight days later an intravenous ultrasound showed a retrograde progression of the dissection and she was subjected to a surgical revascularization.

Incidence and Predictors of Cardiovascular Complications and Death after Vascular Surgery / Incidência e Preditores de Complicações Cardiovasculares e Óbito após Cirurgia Vascular Arterial

AbstractBackground:Patients undergoing arterial vascular surgery are considered at increased risk for post-operative complications.Objective:To assess the incidence and predictors of complications and death, as well as the performance of two models of risk stratification, in vascular surgery.Methods:This study determined the incidence of cardiovascular complications and deaths within 30 days from surgery in adults. Univariate comparison and logistic regression assessed the risk factors associated with the outcomes, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve assessed the discriminatory capacity of the revised cardiac risk index (RCRI) and vascular study group of New England cardiac risk index (VSG-CRI).Results:141 patients (mean age, 66 years; 65% men) underwent the following surgeries: carotid (15); lower limbs (65); abdominal aorta (56); and others (5). Cardiovascular complications and death occurred within 30 days in 28 (19.9%) and 20 (14.2%) patients, respectively. The risk predictors were: age, obesity, stroke, poor functional capacity, altered scintigraphy, surgery of the aorta, and troponin change. The scores RCRI and VSG-CRI had area under the curve of 0.635 and 0.639 for early cardiovascular complications, and 0.562 and 0.610 for death in 30 days.Conclusion:In this small and selected group of patients undergoing arterial vascular surgery, the incidence of adverse events was elevated. The risk assessment indices RCRI and VSG-CRI did not perform well for complications within 30 days.

ResumoFundamento:Pacientes submetidos à cirurgia vascular arterial são considerados de risco aumentado para complicações no pós-operatório.Objetivo:Avaliar incidência e preditores de complicações e óbito, assim como o desempenho de dois modelos de estratificação de risco, em cirurgia vascular.Métodos:Em pacientes adultos, determinou-se a incidência de complicações cardiovasculares e óbitos em 30 dias. Comparações univariadas e regressão logística avaliaram os fatores de risco associados com os desfechos, e a curva ROC (receiver operating characteristic) examinou a capacidade discriminatória do índice de risco cardíaco revisado (RCRI) e do índice de risco cardíaco do grupo de cirurgia vascular da New England (VSG-CRI).Resultados:141 pacientes (idade média 66 anos, 65% homens) realizaram cirurgias de: carótida (15), membros inferiores (65), aorta abdominal (56) e outras (5). Complicações cardiovasculares e óbito em até 30 dias ocorreram em 28 (19,9%) e em 20 (14,2%) pacientes, respectivamente. Os preditores de risco foram: idade, obesidade, acidente vascular cerebral, capacidade funcional ruim, cintilografia alterada, cirurgia de aorta e alteração de troponina. Os escores RCRI e VSG-CRI apresentaram AUC (area under the curve) de 0,635 e 0,639 para complicações cardiovasculares precoces e 0,562 e 0,610 para óbito em 30 dias.Conclusões:Nesse grupo pequeno e selecionado submetido à cirurgia vascular arterial, a incidência de eventos adversos foi elevada. Para complicações em até 30 dias, os índices de avaliação de risco RCRI e VSG-CRI não apresentaram boa performance.

Estenosis crítica de conducto hepático común por anillo vascular: reporte de un caso / Common bile duct stricture caused by vascular ring: A case report

Introduction: The most common congenital malformations of the bile duct are biliary atresia and choledochal cyst. In addition, the most common liver anatomical variation is the right hepatic artery aberration. The goal of this study is to characterize a patient with this disease and propose the hepatoduodenal anastomosis as surgical treatment. Case report: One-month-old patient with suspected congenital biliary atresia due to progressive jaundice and acholia since birth. Liver tests consistent with a cholestatic pattern and brain MRI scan consistent with biliary atresia. Periods of decreased bilirubin and sporadic slight pigmentation of depositions were described. The surgical finding was a bile duct stricture due to a vascular ring caused by aberrant right hepatic artery. Resection of bile duct and hepatic-duodenal bypass were performed. The patient evolved satisfactorily from this condition. Conclusion: There are few reports of biliary obstruction due to vascular malformations. It is important to keep in mind that not all neonatal jaundice episodes are caused by biliary atresia or choledo-chal cyst. The clinical course, laboratory tests and imaging should be considered and in the case of suspicion, further exploration should take place.

Introducción: Las malformaciones congénitas de la vía biliar más frecuentes son la atresia de vías biliares y quiste de colédoco. Por otro lado, la variante anatómica hepática más común es la aberración de la arteria hepática derecha. El objetivo es caracterizar un paciente portador de esta patología y plantear la hepato-duodeno anastomosis como tratamiento quirúrgico. Caso clínico: Paciente de 1 mes de edad, con sospecha de Atresia de Vía Biliar congénita por ictericia progresiva y acolia desde recién nacido. Pruebas hepáticas concordantes con un patrón colestásico y resonancia magnética compatible con atresia de vías biliares. Evolucionó con períodos de descenso de bilirrubina y leve pigmentación, esporádica, de deposiciones. El hallazgo quirúrgico fue una estenosis crítica de vía biliar a nivel del conducto hepático común debido a un anillo vascular por una arteria hepática derecha aberrante. Se realizó una sección de vía biliar y una derivación hepato-duodenal. Evolucionó con una resolución completa de su patología. Conclusión: Existen pocos reportes de obstrucción de vía biliar por malformaciones vasculares. Es importante tener presente que no todas las ictericias neonatales son por atresia de vías biliares o quiste de colédoco. Se debe considerar la evolución clínica, laboratorio e imágenes, y si existen sospechas, explorar.

Disección coronaria espontánea post parto: reporte de un caso clínico y revisión de la literatura / Spontaneous coronary artery dissection in the post partum: report of one case

Coronary artery dissection is a rare cause of acute coronary syndrome. Most cases occur in women during the peripartum period, most likely influenced by hormonal changes, hemodynamic stress and modifications in the immune system during pregnancy. The pathogenesis of coronary artery dissection is unknown, hence numerous theories have been postulated such as pregnancy-related conditions, the presence of connective tissue disorders, trauma, etc. The clinical presentation ranges from asymptomatic patients to the whole spectrum of acute coronary syndrome manifestations. The management of these patients requires a multidisciplinary approach, with two options: medical therapy or an invasive approach, with percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass graft surgery. The choice of treatment options depends on the hemodynamic status of the patient, the extension of the dissection and the myocardial territory at risk. In this case report we present a 38-year-old female who had a coronary artery dissection seven days postpartum. Coronary catheterization showed dissection of the left main coronary artery that extended until the circumflex artery. An intra-aortic balloon pump was installed and the patient then underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery, with satisfactory results.

Cateterismo cardíaco por acceso radial percutáneo en pacientes con disección humeral previa / Transradial percutaneous approach for cardiac catheterization in patients with previous brachial artery cutdown

La punción percutánea de la arteria radial para la realización de procedimientos por cateterismo ha ganado mayor aceptación en los últimos tiempos. Esto sucedió como consecuencia de haber alcanzado resultados similares a los obtenidos mediante el acceso femoral, con los beneficios de una menor tasa de complicaciones y mayor confort de los pacientes. Recientemente, su utilización tomó un impulso adicional, por estar asociada a mejor pronóstico en síndromes coronarios agudos. En el presente trabajo hemos evaluado si la factibilidad, resultados y ventajas relacionadas al acceso percutáneo de la arteria radial en procedimientos por cateterismo, se aplican también a quienes presentan disección previa de la arteria humeral. Sobre un total de 1 356 accesos radiales percutáneos, 53 fueron en pacientes con disección previa de la arteria humeral, obteniéndose éxito del acceso en el 96.2% (51/53) de las punciones. A través de estos accesos se realizaron 71 procedimientos por cateterismo, con 93.6% (44/47) de éxito del procedimiento en las intervenciones diagnósticas y 100% (24/24) en las terapéuticas. En este grupo no ocurrieron complicaciones mayores. Las complicaciones menores sucedieron en el 1.4% (1/71) de los casos y no se registraron nuevas complicaciones en el seguimiento a siete días. Si bien el grupo es pequeño, consideramos que resulta suficiente para mostrar que las punciones percutáneas de la arteria radial para la realización de procedimientos por cateterismo, en pacientes con disección previa de la arteria humeral, son factibles y permiten elevadas tasas de éxito con baja frecuencia de complicaciones.

The percutaneous punction of the radial artery for catheterization procedures has gained acceptance lately. This was a consequence of achieving results similar to the femoral approach, with the benefits of a lower rate of complications and increased comfort for the patients post procedure. Recently it has gained an additional impulse with the better prognosis obtained in acute coronary syndromes. In this trial we have evaluated if the feasibility, results and advantages related with the use of the radial artery percutaneous approach to perform catheterization procedures, continues when used in patients who have had a previous brachial artery cutdown. Out of a total of 1356 percutaneous radial accesses, 53 were in patients with previous brachial artery cutdown. Through this access 71 catheterization procedures were performed, achieving access success in 96.2% (51/53) of the punctions. Once the access success was obtained, 93.6% (44/47) of the diagnostic procedures and 100% (24/24) of the therapeutics procedures were successful. During hospitalization, in this group of patients, no major adverse cardiac events occurred and there was a 1.4% (1/71) rate of minor events. At seven days follow up, no new complications were recorded. Although this is a small group, we believe that it is enough to show that percutaneous punctions of the radial artery to perform catheterization procedures, in patients with previous brachial artery cutdown, are feasible, allowing high access and procedure success rates, with a low frequency of complications.

Disección coronaria espontánea posterior a ejercicio: presentación de un caso y revisión bibliográfica / Spontaneous coronary artery dissection posterior to exercise: presentation of a case and bibliographic review

Spontaneous coronary dissection (SCD) is a rare cause of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in patients with no risk factors, usually described in young women within delivery period. The test of choice to approach diagnosis is coronary angiography, which could result therapeutic as it achieves myocardial revascularization though angioplasty. Occasionally, complementary radiologic techniques are required for diagnosis, as well as other treatments such as coronary bypass surgery (CBS). The prognosis of successfully revascularized patients is favorable, generally with no recurrence. We report the case of a 25 year-old woman, with no medical records, who experienced two episodes of ACS; first after exercise and two days later while she was at rest,revascularized in our hospital due to a double SCD that required CBS with a propitious evolution and remaining asymptomatic trough a six-year follow up. (AU)

Role of multidetector computed tomography in the diagnosis of congenital thoracic vascular anomalies

Congenital vascular anomalies of the thorax represent an important group of entities that can occur either in isolation or in association with different forms of congenital heart diseases. CT scan is a non invasive and rapid technique used for evaluation of the pediatric vascular disease as an alternative to conventional angiography. To assess the role of MDCT scan in evaluation and its ability to diagnose congenital thoracic vascular anomalies as well as to recognize these anomalies early for proper treatment and post operative follow up. The studied group included 80 patients, who underwent MDCT angiography and had diagnosed of congenital thoracic vascular anomalies, post operative follow up or asymptomatic [incidentally discovered] were included in this study. CT angiography can diagnosis about 13% [n=6] of cases not seen very well by echocardiography [inconclusive] and 26% [n=12] of cases appear as different findings by CT scan than echocardiography. Three dimensions [3D] images allow excellent display of vascular anomalies that can be used as a vascular road map by surgeons. MDCT provides reliable diagnostic information on the normal anatomy of the aorta, pulmonary and vena cava as well as congenital anomalies in pediatric and adult patients. MPR and 3D VR images have increased the diagnostic value of CT. Furthermore, coronal and sagittal views of the vessels facilitate the orientation of a surgeon, and thus aid in planning surgery

Tratamiento endovascular exitoso del síndrome de cascanueces con stent autoexpandible / Successful endovascular treatment of nutcracker's syndrome with self-expanding stent

El síndrome de cascanueces (nutcracker's syndrome) se produce por compresión de la vena renal izquierda a su paso por la horquilla vascular, formada por la aorta y la arteria mesentérica superior, causando una compresión extrínseca que genera estenosis funcional de la misma. Esto produce congestión e hipertensión de la vena renal izquierda que se traduce en insuficiencia y várices de la vena gonadal izquierda, hematuria unilateral y dolor lumbar izquierdo, el diagnóstico pocas veces se realiza, por su baja frecuencia y por la falta de sospecha clínica. El tratamiento del síndrome de cascanueces incluye el autotransplante renal, trasposición de arteria mesentérica superior, revascularización y más recientemente, la colocación de stent en la vena renal. Presentamos el caso de un paciente que fue sometido a tratamiento endovascular exitoso con un stent autoexpandible en la vena renal izquierda, con criterios inmediatos de éxito por angiografía, reducción de la congestión venosa y por desaparición del gradiente cavo/renal.

Nutcracker's syndrome is caused by compression of the left renal vein between aorta and superior mesenteric artery, causing extrinsic compression generated functional stenosis. This causes congestion and hypertension of the left renal vein resulting in insufficiency and left gonadal vein varicose, unilateral hematuria and left flank pain, diagnosis is rarely identified by their low frequency and difficulty of suspecting, treatment of nutcracker's syndrome include renal autotransplantation, transposition of superior mesenteric artery revascularization and recently stenting in renal vein, we present the case of a patient, who showed this pathology by diagnostic support by image studies, was performed successfully implant a self-expanding stent with immediate success criteria by angiography, collateral reduction and by disappearance of cava/renal gradient.

Aneurisma venoso gigante de veia ilíaca externa secundário a fístula arteriovenosa traumática: relato de caso / Giant external-iliac-vein aneurysm secondary to traumatic arteriovenous fistula: a case report

Aneurismas venosos abdominais são raros. Os localizados nas veias ilíacas externas estão entre os mais infrequentes aneurismas venosos publicados na literatura. Relatamos o caso de um paciente jovem com aneurisma venoso gigante de veia ilíaca externa secundário a uma fístula arteriovenosa adquirida há 20 anos, tratado pelos métodos convencional e endovascular com sucesso.

Venous abdominal aneurysms are rare entities, especially at the external iliac vein. We report the case of a young male patient who presented with a giant external-iliac-vein aneurysm secondary to an arteriovenous fistula acquired 20 years earlier, and treated successfully by conventional and endovascular methods in our service.

Estudo comparativo entre os achados do exame físico, do mapeamento com eco-color Doppler e da exploração cirúrgica na recidiva das varizes de membros inferiores a partir da junção safeno-femoral / Comparative study among the physical examination, echo-color Doppler mapping and operative approaching in the recurrent lower extremity varicose veins from the saphenofemoral junction

CONTEXTO: A recidiva de varizes em membros inferiores é complicação frequente da safenectomia e sua incidência atinge até 80 por cento dos casos. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a sensibilidade do exame físico e do mapeamento com eco-color Doppler no diagnóstico da insuficiência do coto da veia safena magna, em doentes previamente operados, comparando-os com os achados da exploração operatória da junção safeno-femoral. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados prospectivamente 30 doentes envolvendo 37 membros submetidos previamente à safenectomia magna para tratamento de varizes e que foram reoperados por recidiva de varizes na região inguinal ou em face anterossuperior da coxa. Todos os doentes foram submetidos ao mapeamento com eco-color Doppler. Os dados foram comparados com os achados da exploração da crossa da veia safena magna na reoperação. RESULTADOS: A sensibilidade do mapeamento com eco-color Doppler para a presença de insuficiência do coto da veia safena magna foi de 70,3 por cento (26 concordâncias dentre os 37 membros) e resultados falsos negativos ocorreram em 29,7 por cento (11) membros avaliados (p=0,03). A sensibilidade do achado de varizes na região inguinal e na face anteromedial da coxa com a presença de insuficiência do coto da veia safena magna foi de 100 por cento (37 concordâncias dentre os 37 membros) e não houve resultados falsos negativos. CONCLUSÕES: No doente já submetido à safenectomia magna, a presença no exame físico de varizes recidivadas em região inguinal e na face anteromedial da coxa é sugestivo de insuficiência do coto da veia safena magna, devendo-se realizar o mapeamento com eco color Doppler para o adequado planejamento da reexploração da crossa da veia safena magna.

BACKGROUND: Recurrent varicose veins of the lower limbs are a frequent complication of saphenous vein stripping and their incidence may reach 80 percent of the cases. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the sensitivity of physical examination and color-Doppler flow mapping for the diagnosis of insufficiency in the greater saphenous vein stump in patients who had previously undergone saphenous vein stripping, comparing the results with the findings at reoperation of the saphenofemoral junction. METHODS: This prospective study included 37 limbs of 30 patients who had been previously submitted to saphenous vein stripping to treat varicose veins. Color-Doppler flow mapping was performed in all patients. Results were compared with findings at reoperation of the saphenofemoral junction. RESULTS: The sensitivity of color-Doppler flow mapping was 70.3 percent (26 limbs out of 37 limbs) and false negative results occurred in 11 (29.7 percent) limbs (p=0.03). The sensitivity of finding varicose veins in the groin and/or in the anteromedial aspect of the upper thigh was 100 percent (37 limbs out of 37 limbs), without false-negatives. CONCLUSIONS: In patients previously submitted to saphenous vein stripping, recurrent varicose veins found at physical examination in the groin or anteromedial aspect of the upper thigh are suggestive of greater saphenous vein stump insufficiency. Color-Doppler flow mapping should be performed for an adequate saphenofemoral junction reoperation.

Tratamento endovascular das obstruções venosas crônicas do segmento iliocaval / Endovascular treatment of chronic obstructions of the iliocaval segment

A insuficiência venosa crônica é um grave problema de saúde pública no mundo, consumindo grandes quantias de recursos e causando grande prejuízo na qualidade de vida dos pacientes portadores de suas formas mais avançadas. A cirurgia para o tratamento de obstruções no sistema venoso profundo não foi incorporada à prática da maioria dos cirurgiões vasculares, ficando restrita a poucos centros em alguns países. Com o advento da cirurgia endovascular, a possibilidade de tratar alguns tipos de lesões obstrutivas por uma técnica minimamente invasiva e com resultados promissores renova o interesse da comunidade vascular pelas formas mais complexas de doença venosa.

Chronic venous insufficiency is an important public health issue worldwide, that consumes significant amounts of resources and impairs the quality of life of patients who suffer from its more severe clinical types. Surgery for the treatment of deep venous system obstruction has not been incorporated to the practice of most vascular surgeons, being restricted to a few medical centers in some countries. With the advent of endovascular surgical techniques, the possibility of treating some obstructive lesions with a minimally invasive technique that has promising results has renewed the interest of the vascular community for the treatment of more complex forms of vascular disease.

Tratamento de angina mesentérica em pacientes com arterite de Takayasu / Treatment of mesenteric angina in patients with Takayasu's arteritis

Aarterite de Takayasu (AT) é uma doença inflamatória crônica do tecido conectivo, idiopática, que acomete preferencialmente a aorta e seus ramos. A terapêutica utilizada baseia-se sobretudo no uso de corticosteroides e imunossupressores. É relatado o caso de uma paciente, 33 anos, com mal-estar, febre, mialgia, cefaleia intensa, pulsátil, holocraniana, resistente a analgésicos, hipertensão arterial sistêmica de difícil controle, claudicação no membro inferior direito e dor abdominal de forte intensidade, a qual piorava após a alimentação. A angiotomografia revelou aneurisma da aorta ascendente, estenose da artéria ilíaca comum direita, estenose das artérias renais e estenose da artéria mesentérica superior, fato que embasou o diagnóstico de angina mesentérica e a conduta intervencionista através da angioplastia transluminal percutânea múltipla com a colocação de stents.

Takayasu's arteritis (TA) is an idiopathic chronic inflammatory disease of the connective tissue that affects mainly the aorta and its branches. Treatment is mainly based on corticosteroids and immunosuppressants. We report the case of a 33-year-old female complaining of malaise, fever, myalgia, severe pulsing holocranial headache resistant to analgesics, systemic arterial hypertension hard to control, right lower limb claudication, and severe abdominal pain that worsened after the meals. Angiotomography revealed aneurysm of the ascending aorta, and stenosis of the following vessels: right common iliac artery, renal arteries, and superior mesenteric artery. Those findings supported the diagnosis of mesenteric angina and the interventional approach by use of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty with stent placement.